A rare neurological disorder, herpes simplex encephalitis is characterized by the inflammation of the brain. Caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), the condition can affect any age group, but it is most commonly found in people under the age of 20 and over 40. About 2,000 cases of HSE are diagnosed in the United States each year.
Some theories suggest that HSE is caused when the herpes virus travels to the brain, usually through the nasal cavity through the sinuses. Of course, there is evidence that viruses can reach the brain through the brain directly. Perhaps, it’s possible that the virus moves from its state of latency in the body into the spinal cord, reaching the central nervous system and the brain via this back-door route.
Regardless, symptoms of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis include:
- sore throat,
- fever,
- headache,
- stiff neck,
- runny nose,
- vomiting,
- drowsiness,
- hyperactivity,
- and general weakness.
If you suspect that you have HSE, you should seek medical attention immediately. It is a very serious condition that can be potentially fatal. A proper diagnosis will require a lumbar puncture (aka spinal tap), or perhaps an EEG to detect the HSV DNA. If he test(s) come back positive, you will then need to be treated intravenously with antiviral medications.
As the disease progresses, more serious symptoms might present themselves such as:
- personality changes,
- paralysis,
- hallucinations,
- convulsions,
- coma,
- and even death.
Obviously, with treatment, the incidence of death is significantly reduced. Unfortunately, when the herpes virus reaches the brain, damage that results to the organ and the inflammation it causes is often severe. The sooner you seek treatment for your condition, the better.
